Which type of food should not be consumed with MAO-B inhibitors?

The consumption of tyramine-rich foods should be avoided when taking MAO-B inhibitors due to the risk of hypertensive crises. MAO (monoamine oxidase) is an enzyme responsible for breaking down tyramine, which is found in various foods such as aged cheeses, cured meats, fermented products, and certain alcoholic beverages. When an individual is on MAO-B inhibitors, the breakdown of tyramine is impaired, leading to increased levels of tyramine in the body. This can cause excessive release of norepinephrine, resulting in dangerously high blood pressure.

In contrast, dairy products, high sugar foods, and gluten-containing foods are not associated with interactions that would pose a similar risk while on MAO-B inhibitors. Therefore, it's crucial for patients on these medications to be mindful of their diet, particularly regarding the intake of tyramine-rich foods, to prevent adverse effects.