Which ions are suppressed by anticonvulsants?

Anticonvulsants primarily function by modulating the activity of specific ions, which are crucial for neuronal excitability and the generation of action potentials. In the case of option B, sodium and calcium ions are the focus.

Sodium ions play a significant role in depolarizing neuronal membranes, which is necessary for the initiation and propagation of action potentials. Many anticonvulsants work by inhibiting sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the neuron, which helps stabilize the membrane potential and prevent excessive excitatory signaling.

Calcium ions are also essential for neurotransmitter release at synaptic terminals. Certain anticonvulsants target calcium channels, inhibiting calcium influx and thus reducing the release of excitatory neurotransmitters, further contributing to the suppression of seizure activity.

By effectively reducing the excitability associated with sodium and calcium ions, anticonvulsants achieve their therapeutic effects in controlling seizures. This mechanism highlights the importance of these ions in the pathophysiology of epilepsy and the effectiveness of anticonvulsants in managing it. Other options involve ions that do not play a central role in the action mechanisms of anticonvulsants.