Which benzodiazepine is used via IV to treat status epilepticus immediately?

The use of diazepam in the context of treating status epilepticus is well-established in clinical practice. It acts rapidly when administered intravenously, producing a quick onset of action that is essential for managing acute seizures effectively.

Diazepam binds to the GABA-A receptor in the central nervous system, enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA, which results in increased inhibitory neurotransmission. This mechanism is crucial in controlling seizure activity, providing immediate relief during an ongoing seizure episode.

While other benzodiazepines are also effective for seizure management, their routes of administration or onset times can differ. For instance, lorazepam is often preferred as well for its pharmacokinetics during seizures, but diazepam is historically recognized for its rapid action in the emergency setting of status epilepticus. Alprazolam and clonazepam are not typically used in this acute setting, as they are not suited for intravenous administration or have slower onset times relative to the urgent need in status epilepticus treatment.