What is considered the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizer?

Lithium is considered the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizer primarily due to its long-standing effectiveness in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It has a unique mechanism of action that involves influencing neurotransmission and second messenger systems, which helps stabilize mood and reduce the frequency and severity of manic and depressive episodes.

The historical context of lithium’s use also plays a significant role in its status as a first-line treatment. It was one of the first medications specifically identified for mood stabilization, and extensive research over the past several decades has underscored its efficacy and safety profile when monitored appropriately.

While other medications like carbamazepine, divalproex, and lamotrigine are also used as mood stabilizers, they tend to be used as alternatives or adjunctive treatments instead of first-line options. For instance, divalproex is often preferred in certain situations, particularly for rapid cycling or mixed episodes, but lithium remains the cornerstone of treatment for its broad application across the spectrum of bipolar disorder. This established track record and a strong evidence base contribute to lithium's predominant prescribing status.